After detecting the gravitational wave, looking for the original gravitational wave is regarded by scientists as the next important scientific goal. On the morning of December 13, the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences announced that Ali's original gravitational wave detection was officially launched. Zhang Xinmin, a researcher at the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, served as the chief scientist. The project team plans to build the "Ali No. 1" telescope in Ali, Tibet, for five years. And began scientific observation. This will be the first original gravitational wave observation station in the northern hemisphere in the world, and it is also the first time in China to launch a gravitational wave detection experiment. Since Einstein predicted the existence of gravitational waves, countless scientists and scientific research institutions have studied and observed gravitational waves in succession, and tried to capture the traces of gravitational waves through various scientific experiments.
On February 11 this year, the LIGO experimental team and the Natural Science Foundation of the United States jointly announced the detection of gravitational waves generated by the merger of two black holes 1.3 billion years ago. This is the first time humans have directly detected gravitational waves. The gravitational wave of the international community.
The scientific community has made a simple division of gravitational waves according to its origin. The gravitational waves generated when the universe was born are regarded as the original gravitational waves. After detecting the gravitational wave, looking for the original gravitational wave is regarded by scientists as the next important scientific goal.
It is against this background that the original gravitational wave observation plan that China began planning in 2014 has finally been implemented. Zhang Xinmin said in an interview with the Science and Technology Daily that Ali plans to measure the cosmic B-mode polarized signal of cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) as the main means to build the world's most sensitive original gravitational wave detection experiment. In addition to possible important breakthroughs in the original gravitational wave detection, the experiment is also expected to make new progress in other scientific studies such as the birth and evolution of the universe, dark matter, and dark energy. Upon completion, the Ali Observatory will form a tripod with the existing Antarctic Observatory and the Atacama Observatory in Chile, complementing the northern and southern hemispheres.
In fact, the site selection began 10 years ago. “The thinner the atmosphere, the less the water vapor content, the smaller the interference, the more hopeful it is to see the traces left by the original gravitational waves.†Guo Zhaolin, a researcher at Stanford University in the United States, said, “The Ali Observatory is located in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau at an altitude of 5,000 meters above sea level. It has a unique geographical advantage, observing meteorological conditions and supporting infrastructure.†Guo Zhaolin is the head of the Antarctic BICEP3 project and was hired as a senior consultant of the Ali plan.
Wang Yifang, director of the Institute of High Energy of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that the cosmological origin of the detection of gravitational waves is of great scientific significance. With the completion of the Ali Observatory, China will be able to obtain the most accurate observation data in the world, and China's original gravitational wave research will also enter the international frontier. However, it must be noted that China has accumulated less in the field of gravitational wave detection in the past, and both hardware and software levels need to be strengthened. According to the official data of the project team, the Ali project has already applied for 130 million yuan in research funding. In the early stage of implementation, the company will adopt a Sino-US cooperation approach and cooperate with the leading universities and research institutes in the United States. In the future, the project team plans to cooperate with the US BICEP experimental team to jointly conduct coordinated observations in the northern and southern hemispheres for data analysis and research.
Ali project manager, Lu Fangjun, researcher of the Institute of High Energy of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, told the Science and Technology Daily reporter that the Ali project will be conducive to the development of China's low-temperature superconducting detection technology. At the same time, through Sino-US cooperation, it will be in superconducting microwave (millimeter wave) detectors, ultra-low temperature refrigeration systems, etc. The aspect has greatly improved China's technical level and enhanced China's independent research and development and detection capabilities.
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