Power factor plays a crucial role in the efficiency of power generation, distribution, and consumption. A high power factor not only maximizes the utilization of electrical equipment but also helps reduce energy losses and improve voltage quality. To enhance user power factor and maintain system balance, various measures are implemented to ensure mutual benefits for both users and the power grid, as well as broader social and economic advantages.
The standard values for power factor and their respective applications include:
- Power Factor Standard 0.90: Applicable to industrial users with high-voltage supply above 160 kVA (including social industrial users), as well as those equipped with load-adjusting voltage devices and high-voltage power supply stations of 320 kVA and above used for electric irrigation and drainage.
- Power Factor Standard 0.85: Designed for other industrial users (including social industrial users) with 100 kVA and above, non-industrial users with 100 kVA and above, and electric irrigation and drainage stations with 100 kW and above.
- Power Factor Standard 0.80: Applicable to agricultural users and sales users with 100 kVA (or kW) and above. However, large industrial users who are not directly supplied by the power industry should follow the 0.85 standard.
Power Factor Calculation:
- Users who are subject to power factor adjustments must install a reactive energy meter with an anti-reverse device. The average power factor is calculated based on the user's monthly active and reactive energy consumption.
- For peak period assessments, meters can be installed to record active and reactive power during peak hours. The monthly average peak power factor is then calculated. In some cases, power factor is evaluated separately for different periods (peak and valley). Pilot provinces, cities, or autonomous regions may develop specific methods and submit them to the Ministry of Water Resources and Power for trial use.
Electricity Fee Adjustment:
Based on the calculated power factor, electricity fees are adjusted according to the percentage specified in the "Power Factor Adjustment Electricity Meter." If the power factor falls between two values, it is rounded off accordingly.
For users who do not require additional compensation equipment, if they can achieve or approach the required power factor standard and maintain good voltage quality, the power factor standard may be reduced. This adjustment must be approved by provincial, municipal, and autonomous regional power bureaus and reported to the power grid administration for record.
If the actual power factor of a user who has had their power factor standard reduced is higher than the new standard, no fee reduction will be applied. However, if the power factor is lower than the reduced standard, the electricity fee will be increased accordingly.
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