Traditional fuel vehicles are about to be phased out, and the directive to ban fuel vehicles is getting closer and closer to us. Most of the cars are now looking for opportunities to transform into new energy vehicles. Pure electric vehicles are one of them, but why can't they be fully popularized, the Japanese media put forward three key points.
In addition to France and the United Kingdom, China and India have also begun to clear from gasoline and diesel vehicles to pure electric vehicles (EV). Despite criticisms that “just slogans†and “unclear implementation methodsâ€, there is no doubt that the world has transitioned to pure electric vehicles. Under this trend, Japan's actions are indeed slightly behind, but it is also promoting the popularization of a new generation of cars. This article explores the three key points of whether pure electric vehicles will be popularized and promoted.
According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), global hybrid electric vehicle sales in 2016 increased by 38% from 2015 to 750,000 units, including plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHVs). Among them, China has the largest number of 340,000 vehicles, followed by the United States (160,000), Norway and the United Kingdom. Although less than 1% of global new car sales, the trend is turning to pure electric vehicles. Norway proposes to ban the sale of gasoline and diesel vehicles before France and the United Kingdom by 2025. 29% of its new car sales are pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles, ranking first in Europe, far ahead of the second Netherlands. 6%. The secret lies in tax incentives.
In Norway, the purchase of a pure electric car is exempt from a 25% VAT and can often be bought at a lower price than a regular diesel car. Pure electric cars enjoy free treatment on highways and public parking lots, and can also use bus priority roads. There are many benefits to buying a pure electric car. In order to further promote the popularization, among the pure electric vehicles, Norway has imposed a new tax of several hundred thousand yen on large-scale pure electric vehicles targeting the wealthy class, in order to promote the popularization of small pure electric vehicles for the ordinary class.
On the other hand, Japan's preferential measures for pure electric vehicles are only subsidies of up to 400,000 yen (about RMB 23,330) at the time of purchase. The person in charge of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry also said that “there are not many subsidies compared with other countries.†Even if the subsidies are included, the purchase of the latest pure electric vehicles will require 2.5 million yen (about RMB 148,820). If the subsidy is raised to 1 million yen (about RMB 58,328), the purchase cost will be reduced to about 2 million yen (about RMB 1,166,656), and consumers who use pure electric vehicles as one of the options Or will increase.
Environmental regulationsThe second initiative to promote the popularity of pure electric vehicles is strict environmental regulations. According to the International Clean Transportation Committee (ICCT), by 2020 Japan's fuel efficiency target is 20.3 kilometers per liter of gasoline, lower than the EU's 24.4 kilometers in 2021, only at the same level as China.
China is using the power of the whole country to popularize pure electric vehicles by 2020. The number of parts for pure electric vehicles is only about 60% of that of gasoline vehicles, and the threshold for entry is low. China, which has been lagging behind Japan, the United States and Europe, may take the opportunity to overtake.
On the other hand, many new cars in Japan have reached the goal of pure electric vehicle sales, but have not re-adjusted their targets. A related person from the Japanese government said that the adjustment based on the premise of fully popularizing pure electric vehicles will be accompanied by a substantial structural reform of the automobile industry. "It is necessary to seriously discuss and wait until 2020." However, Nishino Kosuke of Japan’s Mitsui Institute of Property and Strategy said that “the future environmental restrictions will definitely be strengthenedâ€. One possible solution is to develop measures to enable Japan to lead in the field of pure electric vehicles while coordinating with the industry.
Sales regulationsThe third key is the sales regulations. In line with environmental protection regulations, China has stipulated that since 2019, companies must manufacture and sell 10% of new energy vehicles such as pure electric vehicles, fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) and plug-in hybrid vehicles. Increase the ratio. Since 2018, California has removed hybrid vehicles from the ranks of new energy vehicles and turned to pure electric vehicles.
In Japan, many people have cautious opinions on the sales regulations that bind business operations. The introduction of the introduction may cause losses to the enterprise, but in the long run, it will help to enhance the competitiveness of enterprises and promote innovation.
Whether it is really environmentally friendly depends on the power supply
The reason why pure electric vehicles are concerned as a new generation of cars is because the fuel does not use gasoline and diesel, and the carbon dioxide emissions are small. However, if the power is generated by what is generated, it may not be really environmentally friendly.
Japan’s Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry estimates carbon dioxide emissions from the manufacture of fuels to cars. At present, China’s pure electric vehicles emit 82 grams of carbon dioxide per kilometer. Because 70% of electricity depends on coal-fired power generation with more carbon emissions. As a result, the environmental load is larger than that of a hybrid vehicle (emission of 69 grams) that uses gasoline and electricity.
China is also reducing its dependence on coal, which is expected to be reduced to 51% by 2030, when the carbon emissions of pure electric vehicles will be 62 grams. Japan's 2015 power generation is 32% dependent on coal, and pure electric vehicles have a carbon footprint of 59 grams. Germany is 49 grams, France does not emit carbon dioxide, accounting for 75% of nuclear power, and carbon emissions of 5 grams.
The promotion of the pure electric vehicle policy involves all aspects of industrial policy and air pollution countermeasures. From the point of view of global climate change measures, it is necessary to consider the power supply structure. Japan’s Keio University’s Distinguished Professor Endo Tetsu said that “the low cost, low environmental load and stable nuclear power are more realistic. It needs to be considered together with the energy policyâ€.
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