When pure electric vehicles are still struggling, hybrid vehicles have already swayed into major 4S stores, and have become an important consideration for many consumers when buying cars. The reason is that the car habit is similar to that of a traditional gasoline car, and it can save a lot of fuel in daily use. On the other hand, many car companies provide maintenance or price for hybrid vehicles in order to occupy the market. Offer. But the same hybrid model, the working principle is quite different, now we will briefly introduce the structure mode of the hybrid vehicle, so that everyone can choose the model with better performance and more convenient use according to its structural characteristics. We divide the hybrid into three types: ordinary hybrid, plug-in hybrid, and extended-range hybrid. In fact, the hybrid structural form can also be divided into three types, namely, a series structure, a parallel structure, and a hybrid structure. Among them, the extended program hybrid power can only be a series structure, and the parallel structure and the hybrid structure can be applied to both the common hybrid power and the plug-in hybrid power.
Series structure features: simple structure, easy to use
The tandem structure, as the name suggests, is the "string" of the engine and the motor on a power transmission path. The biggest feature of the series structure is that the engine is not involved in driving the car under any circumstances. It can only provide power to the motor by driving the generator. The power of the series structure comes from the electric motor. The engine can only drive the generator to generate electricity, and can not directly drive the vehicle. Therefore, the motor power in a series configuration is generally greater than the engine power.
The series connection is the simplest structure in the hybrid, and the overall structure is equivalent to a pure electric vehicle plus a gasoline generator. Since the gearbox of the ordinary automobile is eliminated, the structural arrangement is also more flexible. At the same time, the engine always works in the high-efficiency transfer zone. Therefore, when driving at low and medium speeds, the hybrid car with series structure has lower fuel consumption than ordinary cars, and can save about 30% of fuel. At the same time, since the driving mode of the series structure is only the electric mode, the user is very convenient to use.
However, the engine kinetic energy of the series-connected hybrid vehicle requires a secondary conversion to supply power to the motor, which will cause a large energy loss, resulting in high fuel consumption at high speeds. For example, the Chevrolet Volanda is an ordinary 1.4-liter gasoline model. The fuel consumption per 100 kilometers during cruising was about 6 liters, but the Volanda reached 6.4 liters.
At present, the mainstream series structure hybrid models are: Chevrolet Volanda, BMW i3 extended-program hybrid model, Chuanqi GA5 extended-program hybrid model, the first two models are sold for up to 500,000 yuan, Chuanqi GA5 is the current independent brand Among the only hybrid models in series, they can enjoy preferential subsidies from the state and local governments.
Parallel structure features: diverse modes and strong power
Parallel structure is to install a power drive system (motor and power battery) on the basis of ordinary cars. The engine and motor can drive the wheels separately, or they can work at the same time to drive the vehicle together. When the power battery is low, the engine can also drive the motor to reverse charging the power battery.
Hybrid models with parallel structure generally have three modes to choose from: pure electric mode, engine off, battery powered by electric motor, driving vehicle, this mode is mostly used for medium and low speed driving, and some models can realize high speed cruising pure oil mode, engine starting. Drive the vehicle to drive, and at the same time drive the motor to reverse the power battery charging mode. The engine and the motor start at the same time to drive the vehicle. This mode is mostly used for climbing, rapid acceleration and other high-load work.
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