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With the popularization of household refrigerators, people have higher and higher requirements for the control functions of refrigerators. This puts higher requirements on the refrigerator controller. Multifunctional and intelligent is one of its development directions. Traditional machinery Simple electronic control has been difficult to meet development requirements. This paper introduces the use of SPCE061A of Lingyang Company as the core of the controller, controls the working process of the refrigerator, and broadcasts some working processes of the refrigerator with voice to make the control process more humanized.3.1 system composition
We know that refrigerators generally have a freezer compartment and a refrigerating compartment. The freezer compartment is used for quick-frozen food. The food in the freezer compartment can be stored for a long period of time. The temperature of the freezer compartment is about -16 °C ~~~ -26 °C; The cold storage room is based on the non-frozen food and the fresh-keeping effect. The temperature of the cold storage room is about 2 ° C ~ ~ ~ 10 ° C; the moisture in the freezer food will condense into frost, to a certain extent, defrosting. Specifically, the main task of the refrigerator controller is to control the compressor, solenoid valve, defrosting heating wire, fan, etc. to maintain the optimal temperature of the food in the box, to achieve the purpose of food preservation, that is, to ensure that the stored food is passing through After freezing or refrigerating, keep the color, taste, moisture and nutrition unchanged, and display the set temperature or actual temperature with LED. When the freezer temperature is too high or the door opening time is long, the voice prompt will be used. The system composition is shown in Figure 8.
3.2 Hardware components
The whole system works at 3.3V, and the power supply board supplies 5V voltage, and is regulated by LF33 to 3.3V to supply power to the system. The three buttons respectively set the freezer compartment, the freezer compartment temperature or the artificial intelligence working mode. The temperature sensor is mainly composed of a temperature sensor such as a freezing compartment, a refrigerating compartment, a freezer evaporator coil, a refrigerating compartment evaporator coil freezing compartment, and an ambient temperature detecting. The main controller continuously collects the freezer compartment, the refrigerating compartment and the ambient temperature, and controls the operation of each component according to the set value and the collected value.
3.2.1 display circuit
The display circuit consists of four 8-segment digital tubes, which are used to display the actual temperature, set temperature or fault in the refrigerator. The interface circuit is driven by dynamic display mode as shown in Figure 9.
3.2.2 Compressor, defrosting electric heating wire, fan, solenoid valve control circuit
The compressor control circuit is relatively simple. The signal is output from the I/O port, and the relay is controlled by the 8050 inverting drive circuit, and then the relay is controlled to start and stop the compressor. The start and stop of the compressor is determined by the temperature of the relevant room. Before each power-on, it is necessary to detect whether the delay protection condition is satisfied, and then the power-on decision can be made. The control circuit is shown in FIG.
The defrosting electric heating wire control circuit, the fan control circuit, and the solenoid valve control circuit have similar structures, but the device parameters are different, so they are introduced together.
3.2.3 Power-off memory function
The system expands an AT24C01A to memorize the working state before power-off. After the call, it still works according to the setting before power-off. AT24C01A is the I2C bus. IOB0 and IOB1 of the IOB port of SPCE061A are used as SCL and SDA signals, as shown in Figure 11, where R23 and R24 are pull-up resistors, and the I2C bus read/write timing is controlled by software.
3.2.4 voice prompts, alarm circuit
Each time you turn on the power, change the working mode, and overheat the alarm in the freezer, you will be prompted with a sweet voice to ensure correct operation. The prompt voice will also popularize some common sense of using the refrigerator. The alarm circuit is mainly used when the freezing room temperature is too high, the freezing temperature display will be displayed at a certain frequency, and the voice prompt "freezer room over-temperature". At this point, check if the refrigerator door is closed (please close the refrigerator door)? Do you put a lot of hot foods at once? After the refrigerator is working for a period of time, the temperature of the freezer compartment is lowered, the freezing temperature display stops flashing, and the over-temperature alarm function is automatically eliminated.
3.3 software design
The system software is mainly composed of main process, function subroutine and interrupt service program.
The subroutine mainly consists of keyboard scanning, key code analysis, temperature acquisition, sensor detection, artificial intelligence module, refrigerator temperature collection and control, freezer temperature collection and control, compressor protection and control, drive module, display data calculation module, and operation. The parameter storage module is composed of the same, and the display of the LED is completed in the 256 Hz interrupt program. The main process is shown in Figure 12.
3.3.1 Initialization subroutine
The initialization module mainly completes the initialization of the I/O port, the interrupt, the memory unit, and reads the value of the corresponding unit of the AT24C01A for control. The program flow is shown in FIG.
The 0x02 unit of AT24C01A is a flag bit: when the value read is 0xFF, it means that it is automatically used to enter the artificial intelligence control mode when it is used for the first time. When it is 0x55, it indicates that the power is off and the working state before power-off is read. The AT24C01A unit is assigned the following table:
address | Working status | address | Working status |
0x02 | Flag bit | 0x08 , 0x 09 | Freezer compartment setting temperature |
0x04 , 0x 05 | Running sign | 0x0A , 0x 0B | Refrigeration chamber setting temperature |
0x06 , 0x 07 | Drive sign | 0x11 — 0x1D | Related time unit |
And each parameter is stored in three different units (the same parameter is stored three times). After each power-on reset, the three unit data are read and compared, and the decision mode of taking three is taken, if three times. They are all different and run in the safest way.
3.3.2 Keyboard scanning, key code analysis
When the program scans the button, it changes the running flag according to the current running state and the button, and starts timing. If there is no button for 5 seconds, it will be effectively set to the corresponding control unit.
3.3.3 Artificial Intelligence Module
By detecting the temperature of the ambient temperature, the set temperature of the freezer compartment and the refrigerating compartment are automatically determined. If the ambient temperature is high, the temperature of the refrigerating compartment and the freezing compartment are set higher; if the ambient temperature is low, the corresponding refrigerating compartment is frozen. The chamber temperature setting is lower to prevent the compressor from running for a long time or not.
3.3.4 Freezing compartment (refrigeration chamber) temperature collection and control
The freezing chamber (refrigeration chamber) temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature of the freezer compartment (refrigeration chamber), the data is sent to the display buffer, and the measured temperature is compared with the set temperature of the freezer compartment (refrigerator compartment). If the measured temperature is higher than the set temperature, Then set the freezer compartment (refrigerator compartment) high mark, otherwise return.
3.3.5 Compressor Protection and Control Module
This module consists of three parts: compressor protection, compressor control, and compressor start/stop subroutine.
Compressor protection is mainly used for compressor start-up. Check whether the downtime has been delayed for 5 minutes before each start of the compressor. If the compressor has been delayed for 5 minutes, the compressor can be started immediately; if the compressor delay is less than 5 minutes, the compressor can only be started after a delay of 5 minutes. See process 14.
Compressor control is mainly based on the freezer compartment, the refrigerating compartment temperature detection mark, the defrosting (end) mark, the compressor allowable start-up flag to decide the compressor start, stop operation, and the parallel start/stop command mark.
The compressor start/stop subroutine controls compressor operation based primarily on the current compressor operating status and start/stop command flags.
Compressor operating status | Start / stop command flag | action |
1 | 1 | return |
0 | Turn off the compressor; set the shutdown flag; the timing unit 1 is cleared to 0 ; The timing unit 2 stops timing. | |
0 | 1 | Start the compressor; set the boot flag; Timing unit 2 starts timing |
0 | return | |
Note:  1 ) Timing unit 1 is a 5 minute timing unit for compressor shutdown delay ; The timing unit 2 is a compressor cumulative running time timing unit for automatic frost timing. 2 ) Compressor operating status:  1----- Compressor is already running   0--- Compressor shutdown   Start / stop command flag:  1----- Start command     0--- stop command | ||
3.3.6 driver module
The drive module includes a compressor, a solenoid valve, a fan, and a defrosting heater wire, and the program determines the operating state based on the current operating state and the drive flag. Defrost control and drive
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